Recipes

Common plotting tasks with copy-paste examples. Each recipe uses the standard workflow: create a window, add content, optionally style, then save.

Linear and polynomial functions

import kaxe

plt = kaxe.Plot([-5, 5, -5, 5])
plt.add(kaxe.Function2D(lambda x: x))
plt.add(kaxe.Function2D(lambda x: x**2 - 4))
plt.save("functions.png")

Auto-scaled function plots

Leave the plot window open (None bounds) and let functions set the visible range:

import math
import kaxe

# 2D — default domain [-10, 10], auto y with 5% padding
plt = kaxe.Plot()
plt.add(kaxe.Function2D(math.sin))
plt.save("sin-auto.png")

# 3D — auto x, y, and z
plt3 = kaxe.Plot3D()
plt3.add(kaxe.Function3D(lambda x, y: math.sin(x) * math.cos(y)))
plt3.save("surface-auto.png")

# Explicit sampling domain, auto output range
plt = kaxe.Plot()
plt.add(kaxe.Function2D(math.sin, domain=(-math.pi, math.pi)))
plt.save("sin-pi-domain.png")

Multiple functions with fill and tangent

import math
import kaxe

plt = kaxe.Plot()
f = kaxe.Function(lambda x: math.sin(x) * 2)
f.tangent(2)
f.fill(-math.pi, math.pi)
plt.add(f)
plt.save("sin-fill.png")

Implicit equations (circles, curves)

import kaxe

plt = kaxe.Plot([-10, 10, -10, 10])
center = (0, 1)
plt.add(kaxe.Equation(
    lambda x, y: (x - center[0])**2 + (y - center[1])**2,
    lambda x, y: 4,
))
plt.save("circle.png")

Scatter points with legend

import kaxe

plt = kaxe.Plot()
plt.title("$y = 0.25 x^2$")
pts = kaxe.Points(range(0, 100), [0.25 * i**2 for i in range(100)]).legend("samples")
plt.add(pts)
plt.save("scatter.png")

Histogram and pillars

import kaxe
import numpy as np

plt = kaxe.Plot([-5, 5, 0, None])
data = np.random.normal(0, 1, 5000)
plt.add(kaxe.Histogram(data, bins=20))
plt.save("histogram.png")

Polar plot

import math
import kaxe

plt = kaxe.PolarPlot([0, 7])
plt.add(kaxe.Function(lambda x: math.sin(x) * math.cos(x)))
steps = [(i / 100) * math.pi * 2 for i in range(100)]
plt.add(kaxe.Points(steps, [math.cos(i) for i in steps], connect=True).legend("trace"))
plt.title("Polar example")
plt.save("polar.png")

Logarithmic axes

import math
import kaxe

plt = kaxe.LogPlot([0.01, 100, 0.01, 1e10])
plt.add(kaxe.Function(lambda x: 10 ** x))
plt.add(kaxe.Points([1, 10, 100], [1, 100, 10000]))
plt.save("log.png")

Log-log plot (both axes logarithmic):

plt = kaxe.LogPlot([0.1, 1000, 0.1, 1000], firstAxisLog=True, secondAxisLog=True)

Contour plot

import math
import kaxe

plt = kaxe.Plot([-5, 5, -5, 5])
plt.add(kaxe.Contour(lambda x, y: 4 * math.sin(x) + 4 * math.cos(y) + x**2 - y))
plt.save("contour.png")

Zoom inset

import math
import kaxe

plot = kaxe.Plot([0, 4 * math.pi, -1, 1])
plot.add(kaxe.Function2D(math.sin))
zoom = plot.zoom(2.5, 4, -0.4, -0.1, position=(5, -0.5))
zoom.add(kaxe.Points2D([3.2], [-0.2], color=(255, 0, 0, 255)))
plot.save("zoom.png")

Multi-panel grid

import kaxe

p1 = kaxe.Plot([-3, 3, -3, 3])
p1.add(kaxe.Function2D(lambda x: x))

p2 = kaxe.Plot([-3, 3, -3, 3])
p2.add(kaxe.Function2D(lambda x: x**2))

grid = kaxe.Grid()
grid.addRow(p1, p2)
grid.save("grid.png")

3D surface

import math
import kaxe

plt = kaxe.Plot3D([-5, 5, -5, 5, -2, 2])
plt.add(kaxe.Function3D(lambda x, y: math.sin(x * y / 10)))
plt.save("surface3d.png")

Bar chart with multiple series

import kaxe

chart = kaxe.Bar()
chart.add(2020, [4.0, 1.0])
chart.add(2021, [5.5, 2.0])
chart.legends("Revenue", "Cost")
chart.title("Annual results")
chart.style(rotateLabel=45)
chart.save("bars.png")

Box plot chart

import kaxe

chart = kaxe.BoxPlot()
chart.add([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
chart.add([4, 1, 6, 7, 9])
chart.legends("group A", "group B")
chart.save("boxplot.png")

QQ plot

import kaxe

data = [1.2, 0.8, 1.5, 0.3, 2.1, -0.4, 0.9]
qq = kaxe.QQPlot(data)
qq.save("qq.png")

LaTeX-ready export

Combine theme sizing with SVG for vector figures in papers:

import kaxe

plt = kaxe.Plot([-5, 5, -5, 5])
plt.add(kaxe.Function2D(lambda x: x**2 - 4))
plt.theme(kaxe.Themes.A4Medium)
plt.title("$x^2 - 4$")
plt.save("figure.svg")  # include in LaTeX with \\includegraphics

See Export and Display for PNG vs SVG details and LaTeX inclusion tips.

Load data from Excel

import kaxe

# Columns A–C, rows 2–100 on sheet "Data"
rows = kaxe.data.loadExcel("data.xlsx", "Data", top=(1, 2), bottom=(3, 100))
x = [row[0] for row in rows]
y = [row[1] for row in rows]

plt = kaxe.Plot()
plt.add(kaxe.Points2D(x, y))
plt.save("from-excel.png")

See kaxe.data.loadExcel() for the full parameter reference.